There
are few instances in the history of Indian schools of thought, particularly Vedanta
where there were debates and dialectical arguments some of them recorded by way
of treatises produced on either side. If a debate occurs between a Guru and his
Shishya, it is termed Vaadakatha, Meemamsa and Vakyartha Goshtis. The proceedings
are supposed to be observed by a mediator, who knows both schools and
impassionate, in turn passing a declaration about the winner, who probably
argued his stand more logically and effectively. Many among such debates were
sportive, except a few which were heated and ended in clashes between the
supporters of either School.
We have such examples in the History of Vedanta in Southern India, which might have happened during the rule of Vijayanagar/ Nayaka dynasties. However, such debates unfortunately find a place only in Vijaya granthas, which are hegemonical in nature. It is very difficult to say whether such debates were held live, where and when in the history of our land. Some of them are debate held between Akshobhya Tirtha Vs Vidyaranya in Mulabagilu, and Vijayindra Vs Appayya Deekshitar in Kumbhakonam.
The responses to above debates have come as passing
references in books of Dvaita/ Advaita Schools of Vedanta and also
Vishishtadvaita texts like Shathadushani/ Shatha bhushani, arugmenting with
Advaita stalwarts of their time. Jayapatras, which either parties claim are
either lost or never existed!
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